HB 2891 increases administrative, civil, and criminal penalties for violations under the jurisdiction of the Railroad Commission of Texas (RRC). It raises the maximum daily penalty for non-pipeline safety violations from $10,000 to $25,000 and for pipeline safety violations from $200,000 to $250,000. The bill also expands penalty guidelines, requiring the RRC to consider additional factors such as economic benefits gained from violations and the history of compliance. It applies only to violations committed on or after September 1, 2025​.