HB 3491 establishes a process to address election irregularities by allowing certain individuals—such as candidates, political party chairs, presiding judges, and ballot measure advocates—to request an explanation and supporting documentation from the county clerk or election authority regarding potential irregularities. If an explanation is unsatisfactory, the requester may escalate the issue to the Secretary of State, who may audit the election at the county’s expense. If violations are found, the Secretary of State can impose civil penalties, appoint a conservator to oversee county elections, or assess daily fines until the irregularity is resolved. This law applies to elections held on or after September 1, 2025​.