HB 382 amends Section 11.13 of the Texas Tax Code to exempt the total appraised value of a residence homestead from ad valorem taxation for individuals aged 72 and older who have maintained the homestead exemption for at least 10 years. Surviving spouses of qualified individuals are also eligible for this exemption if they are 55 or older at the time of the spouse’s death and the property remains their primary residence. The bill includes provisions to protect local taxing units from revenue losses through adjustments in state aid. The effective date is contingent on the approval of a constitutional amendment by voters, with implementation beginning January 1, 2026.