HB 5316 creates the Independent Citizen Redistricting Commission to oversee redistricting for the Texas Legislature, the U.S. House of Representatives, and the State Board of Education. The commission will be composed of 14 members selected through a multi-step process designed to ensure partisan balance and independence from legislative influence. The commission will use strict criteria to draw fair and competitive districts, and all redistricting decisions will require approval by a bipartisan supermajority of commission members. The bill takes effect in 2029, contingent on the approval of a constitutional amendment by voters​.