HB 2241 establishes new regulations on certain firearms, including assault weapons, .50 caliber rifles, and unserialized firearms. It prohibits their manufacture, distribution, sale, loan, or transfer within Texas and sets restrictions on firearms for individuals under the age of 21. The bill allows for a private civil right of action against violators, meaning individuals can sue those who manufacture or sell these restricted weapons. Certain law enforcement agencies and government entities are exempt from these restrictions. The bill also prohibits political subdivisions from enacting less stringent firearm laws than those set by the state​.