HB 231 mandates the Department of State Health Services (DSHS), in collaboration with relevant state agencies, to conduct a study on food deserts in Texas, with a particular focus on the disproportionate impact on communities of color. The study will examine the causes, health effects, and financial implications of food deserts, analyzing disparities based on age, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. DSHS is directed to develop recommendations to address disparities in food access and to submit a report with findings and recommendations to the Texas Legislature by September 1, 2026. The Act will expire on September 1, 2027​.