HB 452 creates a mechanism for small businesses to receive a sales and use tax refund corresponding to the amount of ad valorem tax paid on income-producing tangible personal property. The refund applies annually and is capped at the amount of sales and use taxes paid by the business in the same period. Eligible businesses are defined as small businesses under Section 481.401(10) of the Government Code and those filing a rendition statement under Section 22.01 of the Tax Code. The comptroller is tasked with developing rules to facilitate the refund process. The act applies to ad valorem taxes imposed for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2026, which is also the bill’s effective date.